Image Timeline
Sputnik 1957
Main Frame 1960s
Connected to Main Frame
Early Mouse Idea
Wooden Mouse 1968
Keyboard (Key Set) 1968
First Four Nodes 1969
First Personal Computer with GUI 1972
Altair 8800 1975
Altair 8800 KEYBOARD 1975
First Apple1977
IBM 1981
Apple’s Lisa 1984
The Net
A Very Brief History of The Internet
& other Related Technologies
1957 |
The Sovets launch SputnikThe Americans responded by stepping up their investment in technology. |
19581972 |
ARPA, Advanced Research Projects AgencyOrganized by the US Defense Department in response to the Sputnik crisis. To establish U.S. lead in technology applicable to the military. Technological think-tank
Funded research in top American institutions Renames Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) |
1962 |
Packet Switching Networks developedThe origin is military: for utmost security in transferring information of networks Developed within The Advanced Research Projects agency, ARPA Data split into tiny packets that may take different routes to a destination Hard to eavesdrop on messages More that one route available – if one route goes down another may be used |
1968 |
Douglas Engelbart demonstrates the “Mouse”While working at the Stanford Research Institute with a grant from NASA Douglas Engelbart invented the Mouse and windows for text editing. He and his team were all responsible for many more new innovations, including hypertext, object addressing and dynamic file linking, as well as shared-screen collaboration involving two persons at different sites communicating over a network with audio and video interface. |
1969 |
First Network of four NodesAdvanced Research Projects Agency funds the first network of four nodes between: The University of California, LA
First message between:UCLA and Stanford Research Institute LOG-IN….CRASH! |
1972 |
Electronic mail Invented A program to send messages across a distributed network 15 Nodes on ARPANET |
1972 |
FTPFile Transfer Protocol specification released Used to transfer files between computers that are connected to the internet |
1972 |
First Personal Computer with GUI and MouseAlan Kay at the Learning Research Group at Xerox introduced the GUI that used iconic graphical representations for computer functions. He designed overlapping windows along with menus and folders and storage processor box. |
1973 |
EthernetEthernet designed by Robert Metcalfe at Xerox First Ethernet Operation A method of networking personal computers Ethernet boards are installed on the computer Computers are connected by a coaxial cable, a solid wire that is shielded by insulating material to prevent interference |
1973 |
First International ConnectionsUniversity College of London Royal Radar Establishment, Norway |
1975 |
Altair 8800Created by Ed Roberts of Micro Instrumentation Telemetry Systems Mainly used and improved upon by technology hobbyists Bill Gates and Paul Allen created the software, Basic for this computer. |
1976 |
First Apple Computer |
1981 |
IBMInternational Business Machines announces the IBM personal computer Microsoft creates DOS |
1983 |
TCP/IPTCP – Transmission Control Protocol IP – Internet Protocol 1983 – ARPAnet began to use TCP/IP. Every site that is part of their network is expected to use TCP/IP.
TCP was introduced in 1977 and began to replace NCP . TCP was faster, easier to use, and less expensive to implement than NCP. In 1978 IP was added to TCP and takes over the routing of messages.
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1983 |
Apple Macintosh launched Lisa 1From 1977 Apple produced a number of computers some better equipped than others Lisa had 1MB of RAM and a 5 MB hard disk. |
1984 |
Lisa 2Lisa 2 was released with a 3.5 inch drive. Lisa was the first affordable personal computer with graphic interface |
1990 |
Creation of the World Wide WebCreated the World Wide Web at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, Switzerland The World Wide Web Program established three core components:
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1992 |
CommerceCongress signs a bill to open the Internet to commerce./ One Million hosts on The Internet |
1993 |
MosaicFirst graphics-bases Web browser becomes available. Marc Andressen and a group of student programmers National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois |
1994 |
NetscapeTogether Jim Clarke (founder of Silicon Graphics) and Marc Andressen founded Mosaic Communications, this later became Netscape Communications. They created the Netscape browser which was based on Mosaic.
Netscape integrated three Internet technologies in one application — web, email, and newsgroups.
The Netscape browser was designed to run on all three of the major platforms: Mac, Windows and Unix.
Netscape rapidly became the most popular browser and opens the web to a far greater audience and users.
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